#8 Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (deceased 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist who is most famous for his work in microbiology and support of the germ theory of disease (the theory that microorganisms were the cause of disease, which was controversial until validated in the late 1800s). His contributions led to breakthroughs in disease prevention, including a reduction in the mortality rate of puerperal fever (The doctor’s plague). Pasteur is also known for discovering the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax and, most notably, for inventing a method of preventing milk and wine from spoiling and causing sickness, which was termed “pasteurization.”
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